APPS — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($4.10)
DCF	$5.05	+23.3%
Graham Number	—	—
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 10.2%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$4.06	-1.0%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $34.15M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 12.5% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 12.42%

Computed WACC: 12.42%

Cost of equity (Re)16.47%(Rf 4.30% + β 2.21 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)8.78%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)57.55%

Debt weight (D/V)42.45%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$2.18

Current Price$4.10

Upside / Downside-46.8%

Net Debt (used)$322.49M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	4.5%	8.5%	12.5%	16.5%	20.5%
7.0%	$5.46	$7.02	$8.83	$10.91	$13.28
8.0%	$3.91	$5.16	$6.60	$8.25	$10.14
9.0%	$2.85	$3.88	$5.07	$6.43	$7.98
10.0%	$2.07	$2.94	$3.95	$5.09	$6.40
11.0%	$1.48	$2.23	$3.09	$4.08	$5.21

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $-0.45

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $1.63

Results

Graham Number requires positive EPS and positive Book Value per share. EPS is zero or negative.

Graham Number—

Current Price$4.10

Margin of Safety—

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 12.42%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 12.42%

Cost of equity (Re)16.47%(Rf 4.30% + β 2.21 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)8.78%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)57.55%

Debt weight (D/V)42.45%

Results

Current Price$4.10

Implied Near-term FCF Growth18.8%

Historical Revenue Growth12.5%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)$34.15M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$4.10

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $91.19M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 8.9×

Net Debt($B)Default: $322.49M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$4.06

Current Price$4.10

Upside / Downside-1.0%

Implied EV$809.34M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$1.68B	-$677.51M	$322.49M	$1.32B	$2.32B
4.9x	$17.70	$9.36	$1.02	$-7.32	$-15.66
6.9x	$19.22	$10.88	$2.54	$-5.80	$-14.14
8.9x	$20.74	$12.40	$4.06	$-4.28	$-12.62
10.9x	$22.26	$13.92	$5.58	$-2.76	$-11.10
12.9x	$23.78	$15.44	$7.10	$-1.24	$-9.58

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