CIA — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($5.78)
DCF	$-1.35	-123.4%
Graham Number	$4.60	-20.3%
Reverse DCF	—	—
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$5.42	-6.1%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: -$5.10M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 1.7% / EPS: -20.0%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 6.62%

Computed WACC: 6.62%

Cost of equity (Re)6.62%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.42 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$-2.39

Current Price$5.78

Upside / Downside-141.5%

Net Debt (used)-$21.57M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$-1.37	$-1.73	$-2.15	$-2.64	$-3.21
8.0%	$-1.05	$-1.34	$-1.68	$-2.07	$-2.52
9.0%	$-0.83	$-1.07	$-1.35	$-1.68	$-2.05
10.0%	$-0.66	$-0.87	$-1.11	$-1.39	$-1.71
11.0%	$-0.54	$-0.72	$-0.93	$-1.17	$-1.44

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $0.21

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $4.49

Results

Graham Number$4.60

Current Price$5.78

Margin of Safety-20.3%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 6.62%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 6.62%

Cost of equity (Re)6.62%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.42 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Reverse DCF requires positive TTM free cash flow.

Current Price$5.78

Implied Near-term FCF Growth—

Historical Revenue Growth1.7%

Historical Earnings Growth-20.0%

Base FCF (TTM)-$5.10M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$5.78

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $14.03M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 17.9×

Net Debt($B)Default: -$21.57M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$5.42

Current Price$5.78

Upside / Downside-6.1%

Implied EV$251.04M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$2.02B	-$1.02B	-$21.57M	$978.43M	$1.98B
13.9x	$44.07	$24.19	$4.30	$-15.58	$-35.46
15.9x	$44.63	$24.74	$4.86	$-15.02	$-34.90
17.9x	$45.18	$25.30	$5.42	$-14.46	$-34.34
19.9x	$45.74	$25.86	$5.98	$-13.90	$-33.79
21.9x	$46.30	$26.42	$6.54	$-13.35	$-33.23

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