COO — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($83.92)
DCF	$20.10	-76.1%
Graham Number	$42.07	-49.9%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 23.5%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$83.92	+0.0%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $376.59M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 4.6% / EPS: -28.2%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 8.53%

Computed WACC: 8.53%

Cost of equity (Re)9.95%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.03 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.70%

Debt weight (D/V)14.30%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$22.76

Current Price$83.92

Upside / Downside-72.9%

Net Debt (used)$2.67B

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$20.39	$27.27	$35.27	$44.54	$55.21
8.0%	$14.33	$19.87	$26.30	$33.74	$42.29
9.0%	$10.14	$14.75	$20.10	$26.27	$33.36
10.0%	$7.06	$10.99	$15.55	$20.80	$26.83
11.0%	$4.70	$8.12	$12.07	$16.62	$21.84

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $1.87

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $42.06

Results

Graham Number$42.07

Current Price$83.92

Margin of Safety-49.9%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 8.53%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 8.53%

Cost of equity (Re)9.95%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.03 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.70%

Debt weight (D/V)14.30%

Results

Current Price$83.92

Implied Near-term FCF Growth21.9%

Historical Revenue Growth4.6%

Historical Earnings Growth-28.2%

Base FCF (TTM)$376.59M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$83.92

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $1.06B

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 18.0×

Net Debt($B)Default: $2.67B

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$83.92

Current Price$83.92

Upside / Downside+0.0%

Implied EV$19.12B

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	$673.00M	$1.67B	$2.67B	$3.67B	$4.67B
14.0x	$72.41	$67.31	$62.20	$57.10	$52.00
16.0x	$83.27	$78.16	$73.06	$67.96	$62.86
18.0x	$94.13	$89.02	$83.92	$78.82	$73.72
20.0x	$104.99	$99.88	$94.78	$89.68	$84.58
22.0x	$115.85	$110.74	$105.64	$100.54	$95.43

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