ELSE — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($4.35)
DCF	$3.81	-12.5%
Graham Number	$3.38	-22.4%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 18.9%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$4.30	-1.2%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $115,250

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 9.4% / EPS: -13.6%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 4.72%

Computed WACC: 4.72%

Cost of equity (Re)4.72%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.08 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$5.35

Current Price$4.35

Upside / Downside+22.9%

Net Debt (used)-$10.63M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	1.4%	5.4%	9.4%	13.4%	17.4%
7.0%	$3.83	$3.98	$4.16	$4.36	$4.60
8.0%	$3.69	$3.81	$3.95	$4.11	$4.30
9.0%	$3.59	$3.69	$3.81	$3.94	$4.09
10.0%	$3.51	$3.60	$3.70	$3.81	$3.94
11.0%	$3.46	$3.53	$3.62	$3.72	$3.83

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $0.12

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $4.22

Results

Graham Number$3.38

Current Price$4.35

Margin of Safety-22.4%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 4.72%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 4.72%

Cost of equity (Re)4.72%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.08 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Current Price$4.35

Implied Near-term FCF Growth0.9%

Historical Revenue Growth9.4%

Historical Earnings Growth-13.6%

Base FCF (TTM)$115,250

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$4.35

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $130,000

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 33.4×

Net Debt($B)Default: -$10.63M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$4.30

Current Price$4.35

Upside / Downside-1.2%

Implied EV$4.34M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$2.01B	-$1.01B	-$10.63M	$989.37M	$1.99B
29.4x	$578.78	$291.46	$4.15	$-283.16	$-570.48
31.4x	$578.85	$291.54	$4.23	$-283.09	$-570.40
33.4x	$578.93	$291.61	$4.30	$-283.01	$-570.33
35.4x	$579.00	$291.69	$4.37	$-282.94	$-570.25
37.4x	$579.08	$291.76	$4.45	$-282.86	$-570.18

← Overview Financial Statements ← Companies