ING

ING — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

ModelIntrinsic Valuevs Price ($28.77)
DCF$-35.87-224.7%
Graham Number$35.26+22.6%
Reverse DCF
DDM$26.37-8.3%
EV/EBITDA

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Yahoo: —
Rev: 118.2% / EPS: 3977.7%
Default: 9% (no SEC data)

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$-35.87
Current Price$28.77
Upside / Downside-224.7%
Net Debt (used)$103.76B
Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)
WACC \ Near-term3969.7%3973.7%3977.7%3981.7%3985.7%
7.0%$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87
8.0%$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87
9.0%$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87
10.0%$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87
11.0%$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87$-35.87

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

Graham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)
Yahoo: $2.51
Yahoo: $22.02

Results

Graham Number$35.26
Current Price$28.77
Margin of Safety+22.6%
Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

Default: 9% (no SEC data)

Results

Reverse DCF requires positive TTM free cash flow.
Current Price$28.77
Implied Near-term FCF Growth
Historical Revenue Growth118.2%
Historical Earnings Growth3977.7%
Base FCF (TTM)
Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Yahoo: $1.28

Results

DDM Intrinsic Value / share$26.37
Current Price$28.77
Upside / Downside-8.3%
Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

Yahoo: —
Current: —×
Default: $103.76B

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$-35.87
Current Price$28.77
Upside / Downside-224.7%
Implied EV$0