ISSC — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($27.58)
DCF	$5633998.45	+20427740.7%
Graham Number	$9.60	-65.2%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 28.6%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$25.94	-5.9%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $7.52M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 36.6% / EPS: 450.0%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 7.69%

Computed WACC: 7.69%

Cost of equity (Re)7.81%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.64 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)6.58%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)95.42%

Debt weight (D/V)4.58%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$7819946.18

Current Price$27.58

Upside / Downside+28353584.5%

Net Debt (used)$15.24M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	442.0%	446.0%	450.0%	454.0%	458.0%
7.0%	$8853048.63	$9184583.74	$9525977.73	$9877448.88	$10239218.65
8.0%	$6692290.87	$6942907.74	$7200977.21	$7466664.27	$7740136.32
9.0%	$5236006.63	$5432087.12	$5633998.45	$5841869.70	$6055831.86
10.0%	$4199196.30	$4356449.32	$4518378.56	$4685087.53	$4856681.27
11.0%	$3431265.85	$3559760.69	$3692076.56	$3828298.03	$3968510.96

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $1.06

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $3.87

Results

Graham Number$9.60

Current Price$27.58

Margin of Safety-65.2%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 7.69%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 7.69%

Cost of equity (Re)7.81%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.64 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)6.58%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)95.42%

Debt weight (D/V)4.58%

Results

Current Price$27.58

Implied Near-term FCF Growth23.8%

Historical Revenue Growth36.6%

Historical Earnings Growth450.0%

Base FCF (TTM)$7.52M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$27.58

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $28.41M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 16.8×

Net Debt($B)Default: $15.24M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$25.94

Current Price$27.58

Upside / Downside-5.9%

Implied EV$476.42M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$1.98B	-$984.76M	$15.24M	$1.02B	$2.02B
12.8x	$132.04	$75.80	$19.55	$-36.70	$-92.95
14.8x	$135.24	$78.99	$22.74	$-33.50	$-89.75
16.8x	$138.44	$82.19	$25.94	$-30.31	$-86.56
18.8x	$141.63	$85.38	$29.14	$-27.11	$-83.36
20.8x	$144.83	$88.58	$32.33	$-23.92	$-80.16

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