IT — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($159.27)
DCF	$206.89	+29.9%
Graham Number	$31.31	-80.3%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 1.1%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$159.27	-0.0%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $922.79M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 2.2% / EPS: -34.2%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 7.74%

Computed WACC: 7.74%

Cost of equity (Re)10.00%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.04 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)77.42%

Debt weight (D/V)22.58%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$262.85

Current Price$159.27

Upside / Downside+65.0%

Net Debt (used)$1.63B

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$208.86	$255.77	$310.33	$373.49	$446.23
8.0%	$167.59	$205.35	$249.20	$299.88	$358.19
9.0%	$139.00	$170.43	$206.89	$248.97	$297.33
10.0%	$118.00	$144.82	$175.88	$211.68	$252.77
11.0%	$101.93	$125.23	$152.17	$183.19	$218.75

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $9.65

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $4.51

Results

Graham Number$31.31

Current Price$159.27

Margin of Safety-80.3%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 7.74%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 7.74%

Cost of equity (Re)10.00%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.04 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)77.42%

Debt weight (D/V)22.58%

Results

Current Price$159.27

Implied Near-term FCF Growth-2.3%

Historical Revenue Growth2.2%

Historical Earnings Growth-34.2%

Base FCF (TTM)$922.79M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$159.27

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $1.31B

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 9.8×

Net Debt($B)Default: $1.63B

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$159.27

Current Price$159.27

Upside / Downside-0.0%

Implied EV$12.85B

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	$1.63B	$1.63B	$1.63B	$1.63B	$1.63B
5.8x	$84.86	$84.86	$84.86	$84.86	$84.86
7.8x	$122.06	$122.06	$122.06	$122.06	$122.06
9.8x	$159.27	$159.27	$159.27	$159.27	$159.27
11.8x	$196.47	$196.47	$196.47	$196.47	$196.47
13.8x	$233.68	$233.68	$233.68	$233.68	$233.68

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