LDOS — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($179.40)
DCF	$325.48	+81.4%
Graham Number	$99.93	-44.3%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 10.6%
DDM	$34.20	-80.9%
EV/EBITDA	$179.76	+0.2%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $1.11B

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: -3.6% / EPS: 19.7%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 6.25%

Computed WACC: 6.25%

Cost of equity (Re)7.71%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.62 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)81.11%

Debt weight (D/V)18.89%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$629.04

Current Price$179.40

Upside / Downside+250.6%

Net Debt (used)$4.23B

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	11.7%	15.7%	19.7%	23.7%	27.7%
7.0%	$356.07	$427.20	$508.60	$601.36	$706.65
8.0%	$278.90	$335.26	$399.71	$473.10	$556.34
9.0%	$225.83	$272.05	$324.86	$384.95	$453.08
10.0%	$187.18	$226.04	$270.40	$320.84	$377.99
11.0%	$157.86	$191.14	$229.10	$272.24	$321.08

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $11.41

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $38.90

Results

Graham Number$99.93

Current Price$179.40

Margin of Safety-44.3%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 6.25%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 6.25%

Cost of equity (Re)7.71%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.62 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)81.11%

Debt weight (D/V)18.89%

Results

Current Price$179.40

Implied Near-term FCF Growth1.4%

Historical Revenue Growth-3.6%

Historical Earnings Growth19.7%

Base FCF (TTM)$1.11B

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: $1.66

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

DDM Intrinsic Value / share$34.20

Current Price$179.40

Upside / Downside-80.9%

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $2.39B

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 11.3×

Net Debt($B)Default: $4.23B

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$179.76

Current Price$179.40

Upside / Downside+0.2%

Implied EV$26.95B

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	$2.23B	$3.23B	$4.23B	$5.23B	$6.23B
7.3x	$119.95	$112.04	$104.12	$96.21	$88.30
9.3x	$157.77	$149.85	$141.94	$134.03	$126.12
11.3x	$195.58	$187.67	$179.76	$171.85	$163.94
13.3x	$233.40	$225.49	$217.58	$209.67	$201.76
15.3x	$271.22	$263.31	$255.40	$247.49	$239.57

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