LOPE — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($162.11)
DCF	$185.99	+14.7%
Graham Number	$70.03	-56.8%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 8.0%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$160.13	-1.2%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $200.57M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 5.3% / EPS: 10.5%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 8.00%

Computed WACC: 8.00%

Cost of equity (Re)8.19%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.71 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)97.69%

Debt weight (D/V)2.31%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$221.15

Current Price$162.11

Upside / Downside+36.4%

Net Debt (used)-$192.76M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	2.5%	6.5%	10.5%	14.5%	18.5%
7.0%	$193.37	$229.70	$271.69	$319.99	$375.31
8.0%	$158.59	$187.63	$221.15	$259.69	$303.77
9.0%	$134.56	$158.58	$186.29	$218.09	$254.45
10.0%	$116.98	$137.35	$160.81	$187.71	$218.44
11.0%	$103.58	$121.17	$141.40	$164.59	$191.04

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $7.72

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $28.23

Results

Graham Number$70.03

Current Price$162.11

Margin of Safety-56.8%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 8.00%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 8.00%

Cost of equity (Re)8.19%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.71 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)97.69%

Debt weight (D/V)2.31%

Results

Current Price$162.11

Implied Near-term FCF Growth5.2%

Historical Revenue Growth5.3%

Historical Earnings Growth10.5%

Base FCF (TTM)$200.57M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$162.11

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $343.22M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 12.1×

Net Debt($B)Default: -$192.76M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$160.13

Current Price$162.11

Upside / Downside-1.2%

Implied EV$4.15B

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$2.19B	-$1.19B	-$192.76M	$807.24M	$1.81B
8.1x	$183.23	$146.39	$109.55	$72.71	$35.87
10.1x	$208.52	$171.68	$134.84	$98.00	$61.16
12.1x	$233.81	$196.97	$160.13	$123.29	$86.45
14.1x	$259.10	$222.26	$185.42	$148.58	$111.74
16.1x	$284.39	$247.55	$210.71	$173.87	$137.03

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