NSA-PA — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($20.77)
DCF	—	—
Graham Number	$13.48	-35.1%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 65.0%
DDM	$30.90	+48.7%
EV/EBITDA	—	—

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $221.98M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 2.2% / EPS: 54.7%

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 4.11%

Computed WACC: 4.11%

Cost of equity (Re)10.83%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.19 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)37.92%

Debt weight (D/V)62.08%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$20.77

Upside / Downside—

Net Debt (used)$3.40B

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	46.7%	50.7%	54.7%	58.7%	62.7%
7.0%	—	—	—	—	—
8.0%	—	—	—	—	—
9.0%	—	—	—	—	—
10.0%	—	—	—	—	—
11.0%	—	—	—	—	—

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $1.03

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $7.85

Results

Graham Number$13.48

Current Price$20.77

Margin of Safety-35.1%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 4.11%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 4.11%

Cost of equity (Re)10.83%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.19 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)37.92%

Debt weight (D/V)62.08%

Results

Current Price$20.77

Implied Near-term FCF Growth65.0%

Historical Revenue Growth2.2%

Historical Earnings Growth54.7%

Base FCF (TTM)$221.98M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: $1.50

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

DDM Intrinsic Value / share$30.90

Current Price$20.77

Upside / Downside+48.7%

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $453.91M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 13.1×

Net Debt($B)Default: $3.40B

Results

Implied Equity Value / share—

Current Price$20.77

Upside / Downside—

Implied EV$5.94B

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