OIS — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($13.08)
DCF	$30.94	+136.5%
Graham Number	—	—
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: -6.2%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$12.59	-3.7%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $86.51M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 8.4% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 10.15%

Computed WACC: 10.15%

Cost of equity (Re)11.11%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.24 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)91.36%

Debt weight (D/V)8.64%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$26.06

Current Price$13.08

Upside / Downside+99.2%

Net Debt (used)$5.07M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	0.4%	4.4%	8.4%	12.4%	16.4%
7.0%	$31.80	$38.10	$45.41	$53.84	$63.50
8.0%	$25.95	$31.00	$36.85	$43.58	$51.31
9.0%	$21.90	$26.09	$30.94	$36.51	$42.89
10.0%	$18.94	$22.50	$26.61	$31.33	$36.74
11.0%	$16.67	$19.76	$23.31	$27.39	$32.05

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $-1.86

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $9.96

Results

Graham Number requires positive EPS and positive Book Value per share. EPS is zero or negative.

Graham Number—

Current Price$13.08

Margin of Safety—

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 10.15%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 10.15%

Cost of equity (Re)11.11%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.24 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)91.36%

Debt weight (D/V)8.64%

Results

Current Price$13.08

Implied Near-term FCF Growth-3.7%

Historical Revenue Growth8.4%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)$86.51M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$13.08

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $49.79M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 15.2×

Net Debt($B)Default: $5.07M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$12.59

Current Price$13.08

Upside / Downside-3.7%

Implied EV$757.44M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$1.99B	-$994.93M	$5.07M	$1.01B	$2.01B
11.2x	$42.73	$26.00	$9.26	$-7.48	$-24.22
13.2x	$44.40	$27.66	$10.93	$-5.81	$-22.55
15.2x	$46.07	$29.33	$12.59	$-4.14	$-20.88
17.2x	$47.73	$31.00	$14.26	$-2.48	$-19.22
19.2x	$49.40	$32.66	$15.93	$-0.81	$-17.55

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