REFR — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($1.01)
DCF	$0.01	-99.0%
Graham Number	—	—
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: 93.4%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	—	—

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $22,719

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 1.4% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 6.89%

Computed WACC: 6.89%

Cost of equity (Re)7.14%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.52 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)96.59%

Debt weight (D/V)3.41%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$0.02

Current Price$1.01

Upside / Downside-98.5%

Net Debt (used)$69,224

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$0.01	$0.01	$0.02	$0.02	$0.02
8.0%	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.02
9.0%	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01
10.0%	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01
11.0%	$0.00	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01	$0.01

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $-0.06

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $0.04

Results

Graham Number requires positive EPS and positive Book Value per share. EPS is zero or negative.

Graham Number—

Current Price$1.01

Margin of Safety—

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 6.89%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 6.89%

Cost of equity (Re)7.14%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.52 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)96.59%

Debt weight (D/V)3.41%

Results

Current Price$1.01

Implied Near-term FCF Growth81.3%

Historical Revenue Growth1.4%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)$22,719

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$1.01

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: -$1.97M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: -17.7×

Net Debt($B)Default: $69,224

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$1.03

Current Price$1.01

Upside / Downside+2.0%

Implied EV$34.73M

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