RF — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($27.97)
DCF	$0.00	-100.0%
Graham Number	$32.55	+16.4%
Reverse DCF	—	—
DDM	$21.63	-22.7%
EV/EBITDA	—	—

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: —

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 15.6% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 8.58%

Computed WACC: 8.58%

Cost of equity (Re)10.03%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.04 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.58%

Debt weight (D/V)14.42%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$0.00

Current Price$27.97

Upside / Downside-100.0%

Net Debt (used)$0

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	7.6%	11.6%	15.6%	19.6%	23.6%
7.0%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
8.0%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
9.0%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
10.0%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00
11.0%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $2.31

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $20.39

Results

Graham Number$32.55

Current Price$27.97

Margin of Safety+16.4%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 8.58%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 8.58%

Cost of equity (Re)10.03%(Rf 4.30% + β 1.04 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.58%

Debt weight (D/V)14.42%

Results

Reverse DCF requires positive TTM free cash flow.

Current Price$27.97

Implied Near-term FCF Growth—

Historical Revenue Growth15.6%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)—

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: $1.05

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

DDM Intrinsic Value / share$21.63

Current Price$27.97

Upside / Downside-22.7%

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: —

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: —×

Net Debt($B)Default: $0

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$0.00

Current Price$27.97

Upside / Downside-100.0%

Implied EV$0

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