RSSS — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($2.25)
DCF	$5.34	+137.3%
Graham Number	$1.21	-46.3%
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: -11.5%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$2.18	-3.2%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $9.31M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: -1.0% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 8.56%

Computed WACC: 8.56%

Cost of equity (Re)8.56%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.77 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$5.70

Current Price$2.25

Upside / Downside+153.5%

Net Debt (used)-$12.26M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$5.38	$6.39	$7.57	$8.94	$10.51
8.0%	$4.49	$5.30	$6.25	$7.35	$8.61
9.0%	$3.87	$4.55	$5.34	$6.25	$7.29
10.0%	$3.42	$4.00	$4.67	$5.44	$6.33
11.0%	$3.07	$3.57	$4.16	$4.83	$5.59

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $0.12

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $0.54

Results

Graham Number$1.21

Current Price$2.25

Margin of Safety-46.3%

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 8.56%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 8.56%

Cost of equity (Re)8.56%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.77 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)100.00%

Debt weight (D/V)0.00%

Results

Current Price$2.25

Implied Near-term FCF Growth-12.5%

Historical Revenue Growth-1.0%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)$9.31M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$2.25

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $4.72M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 12.6×

Net Debt($B)Default: -$12.26M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$2.18

Current Price$2.25

Upside / Downside-3.2%

Implied EV$59.44M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$2.01B	-$1.01B	-$12.26M	$987.74M	$1.99B
8.6x	$62.39	$32.00	$1.60	$-28.79	$-59.18
10.6x	$62.67	$32.28	$1.89	$-28.50	$-58.89
12.6x	$62.96	$32.57	$2.18	$-28.21	$-58.60
14.6x	$63.25	$32.86	$2.47	$-27.92	$-58.31
16.6x	$63.53	$33.14	$2.75	$-27.64	$-58.03

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