VSTD — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($0.24)
DCF	$-5.77	-2461.1%
Graham Number	—	—
Reverse DCF	—	—
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	—	—

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: -$2.84M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: 10.9% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 1.74%

Computed WACC: 1.74%

Cost of equity (Re)7.76%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.63 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.02%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)22.29%

Debt weight (D/V)77.71%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$0.24

Upside / Downside—

Net Debt (used)$11.04M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	2.9%	6.9%	10.9%	14.9%	18.9%
7.0%	$-5.99	$-7.00	$-8.17	$-9.51	$-11.05
8.0%	$-5.01	$-5.82	$-6.75	$-7.82	$-9.05
9.0%	$-4.34	$-5.01	$-5.78	$-6.66	$-7.67
10.0%	$-3.85	$-4.41	$-5.06	$-5.81	$-6.67
11.0%	$-3.47	$-3.96	$-4.52	$-5.17	$-5.90

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $-0.63

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $0.45

Results

Graham Number requires positive EPS and positive Book Value per share. EPS is zero or negative.

Graham Number—

Current Price$0.24

Margin of Safety—

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 1.74%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 1.74%

Cost of equity (Re)7.76%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.63 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.02%(interest expense ÷ avg debt (SEC))

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)22.29%

Debt weight (D/V)77.71%

Results

Reverse DCF requires positive TTM free cash flow.

Current Price$0.24

Implied Near-term FCF Growth—

Historical Revenue Growth10.9%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)-$2.84M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$0.24

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: -$2.82M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: -5.2×

Net Debt($B)Default: $11.04M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$0.25

Current Price$0.24

Upside / Downside+2.8%

Implied EV$14.59M

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