VTSI — Valuation Models

Interactive models with editable assumptions. All calculations run client-side.

Valuation Summary

Model	Intrinsic Value	vs Price ($4.26)
DCF	$7.52	+76.3%
Graham Number	—	—
Reverse DCF	—	implied g: -7.1%
DDM	—	—
EV/EBITDA	$4.33	+1.5%

Values reflect default assumptions. Adjust inputs in each model below to update.

1 — Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

Assumptions

Base FCF($B)Yahoo: $4.11M

Near-term growth (yrs 1–5)(%)Rev: -28.5% / EPS: —

Long-term growth (yrs 6–10)(%)

Terminal growth rate(%)

WACC(%)Computed: 6.77%

Computed WACC: 6.77%

Cost of equity (Re)7.89%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.65 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.86%

Debt weight (D/V)14.14%

Results

Intrinsic Value / share$10.89

Current Price$4.26

Upside / Downside+155.4%

Net Debt (used)-$12.83M

Sensitivity: WACC (rows) × Near-term g (cols)

WACC \ Near-term	-3.0%	1.0%	5.0%	9.0%	13.0%
7.0%	$7.57	$8.87	$10.39	$12.14	$14.16
8.0%	$6.43	$7.48	$8.69	$10.10	$11.72
9.0%	$5.63	$6.51	$7.52	$8.69	$10.03
10.0%	$5.05	$5.80	$6.66	$7.65	$8.79
11.0%	$4.60	$5.25	$6.00	$6.86	$7.85

2 — Graham Number

Assumptions

MultiplierGraham used 22.5 (15× P/E × 1.5× P/B)

EPS (trailing)($)Yahoo: $0.00

Book Value / share($)Yahoo: $4.15

Results

Graham Number requires positive EPS and positive Book Value per share. EPS is zero or negative.

Graham Number—

Current Price$4.26

Margin of Safety—

Formula: √(22.5 × max(0,EPS) × max(0,BVPS))

3 — Reverse DCF (Implied Growth)

Assumptions

WACC(%)Computed: 6.77%

Terminal growth rate(%)

Computed WACC: 6.77%

Cost of equity (Re)7.89%(Rf 4.30% + β 0.65 × ERP 5.50%)

Cost of debt (Rd)0.00%(no debt / unavailable → 0%)

Tax rate (T)21.00%(US statutory fallback)

Equity weight (E/V)85.86%

Debt weight (D/V)14.14%

Results

Current Price$4.26

Implied Near-term FCF Growth-12.8%

Historical Revenue Growth-28.5%

Historical Earnings Growth—

Base FCF (TTM)$4.11M

Implied growth is the FCF growth rate (yrs 1–5) that makes the DCF intrinsic value equal the current price. Long-term growth is set to half the implied near-term rate.

4 — Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

Assumptions

Annual dividend D0($/share)Yahoo: —

Dividend growth rate (g)(%)

Required return (r)(%)

Results

This company does not pay a dividend. DDM is not applicable — the intrinsic value shown uses D0 = $0 unless you enter a hypothetical dividend above.

DDM Intrinsic Value / share—

Current Price$4.26

Upside / Downside—

Formula: D0 × (1+g) / (r − g)

5 — EV/EBITDA Multiple

Assumptions

EBITDA($B)Yahoo: $2.55M

Target EV/EBITDA multipleCurrent: 14.2×

Net Debt($B)Default: -$12.83M

Results

Implied Equity Value / share$4.33

Current Price$4.26

Upside / Downside+1.5%

Implied EV$36.10M

Sensitivity: EV/EBITDA multiple (rows) × Net Debt (cols)

Mult \ Net Debt	-$2.01B	-$1.01B	-$12.83M	$987.17M	$1.99B
10.2x	$180.41	$91.92	$3.43	$-85.06	$-173.55
12.2x	$180.86	$92.37	$3.88	$-84.61	$-173.10
14.2x	$181.31	$92.82	$4.33	$-84.16	$-172.65
16.2x	$181.76	$93.27	$4.78	$-83.71	$-172.20
18.2x	$182.21	$93.72	$5.23	$-83.26	$-171.75

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